What it is
Semax is a synthetic peptide derived from a fragment of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), modified so that it lasts longer and does not act as a stress hormone. It was developed in Moscow in the 1980s and is given as nasal drops or spray.
Where it is used
In Russia and some Eastern European countries it is used in neurology: stroke recovery, some optic nerve conditions and cognitive impairment.
How it is thought to work
Studies suggest it increases BDNF (a protein that supports nerve cell growth and connections) and influences dopamine and serotonin signalling. Much of this comes from animal research.
The evidence
- Clinical data come mainly from Russian studies in stroke and neurological disease, often small and published in Russian.
- There are no robust trials showing benefit for focus or memory in healthy adults.
- Reports of sharper focus are largely anecdotal.
Regulatory status
Semax is not approved by the US FDA, the European Medicines Agency or Kenya's Pharmacy and Poisons Board.
Safety
Reported effects include nasal irritation, restlessness and changes in mood or sleep. Long-term safety data are absent. Interactions with stimulants, antidepressants and other medicines that act on dopamine or serotonin are not well characterised.
Our view
Brain fog and poor focus usually have causes worth finding first: poor sleep, stress, low iron, thyroid problems, low mood or medication side effects. The doctor looks at these before anything else.
Talk it through with a doctor
Whether any of these medicines is right for you depends on your health, your history and your goals. The first phone consultation is free, and there is no obligation.
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